Mesh rashi (Aries)

Mesha is Aries in the sidereal zodiac, 0° to 30°: ruled by Mars, holding Ashwini, Bharani and Krittika pada 1.

Rashi 1 of 12 · 0° to 30°
LordMars
NatureMovable (cara)
GenderMale
TemperCruel (krūra)
HumourPitta
ElementFire (agni)
VarṇaKṣatriya
FigureRam, quadruped

Bṛhat Parāśara Horā-śāstra 5.5 and 5.6⁠–⁠23, pp. 34⁠–⁠37; varṇa also Muhūrta-cintāmaṇi 6.22; element Tājika-nīlakaṇṭhī 1.2.

Nature by the classical texts

चरस्थिरद्विस्वभावाः क्रूराक्रूरौ नरस्त्रियौ । पित्तानिलत्रिधात्वैक्यश्लैष्मिकाश्च क्रियादयः ॥ Counted from Mesha, the signs run movable, fixed, dual; cruel, gentle; male, female; and pitta, vāta, mixed, kapha. Mesha, the 1st, is movable, cruel, male and pitta. BPHS 5.5, p. 34
AttributeMeshSource
LordMarsBPHS 5.6⁠–⁠23
NatureMovableBPHS 5.5
Gender and temperMale, cruelBPHS 5.5
HumourPittaBPHS 5.5
Element FireVerse 1.2 calls it agni. Tājika-nīlakaṇṭhī 1.2
VarṇaKṣatriyaBPHS; Muhūrta-cintāmaṇi 6.22
RisesBy the backBPHS 5
FigureRam, quadrupedBPHS 5

The elements run fire, earth, air and water in turn from Mesha, as the Tājika-nīlakaṇṭhī names them sign by sign. Earth and water signs are friends, as are fire and air signs; the other pairs are hostile. Tājika-nīlakaṇṭhī 1.2⁠–⁠14, pp. 2⁠–⁠6

Is Mesh the same as Western Aries?

Mesha is measured from the stars and Western Aries from the equinox. The two are now about 24° apart, so a planet in Mesha is in Western Aries or Taurus, and most of Western Aries falls in Meena. Methodology: ayanāṃśa

Questions

From the Bṛhat Parāśara Horā-śāstra and the Avakahaḍā chakra, with the page for each.

What is Mesh rashi in English?

Aries. Mesha (Mesh) is the 1st sign of the sidereal zodiac, 0° to 30°.

Who is the lord of Mesh rashi?

Mars. BPHS 5.6⁠–⁠23, pp. 34⁠–⁠37

Which nakshatras are in Mesh rashi?

Ashwini, all four padas, 0°00′ to 13°20′; Bharani, all four padas, 13°20′ to 26°40′; Krittika, pada 1, 26°40′ to 30°00′. Nine padas of 3°20′ make a sign.

Is Mesh rashi the same as Western Aries?

It has the same name but covers a different stretch of sky. Mesha is measured from the stars and Western Aries from the equinox, and the two are now about 24° apart, so a planet in Mesha is in Western Aries or Taurus.

Which name letters belong to Mesh rashi?

Names starting with cu, ce, co, la, li, lu, le, lo, a: the sounds of its nine padas in the Avakahaḍā chakra. Avakahaḍā-cakram, pp. 22⁠–⁠23

How it is worked out

Read the methodology
Span
30° of the sidereal zodiac, the 1st sign from 0° Mesha.
Attributes
Bṛhat Parāśara Horā-śāstra ch. 5, 1939 edition, pp. 34⁠–⁠37.
Element
Tājika-nīlakaṇṭhī 1.2⁠–⁠13, Benares edition of 1937⁠–⁠38, pp. 2⁠–⁠6. Each sign’s verse names its element; for Mithuna, Simha and Makara it is read from the Hindi commentary.
Syllables
The Avakahaḍā chakra as printed in Sītārāma Jhā, 1932, pp. 22⁠–⁠23.

Sidereal zodiac (Lahiri) · equal signs of 30° · Swiss Ephemeris · Method