Ekadashi in October 2028
The Ekadashis of October 2028: when each tithi begins and ends, and the fast day for each tradition, worked out for your city’s sunrise.
Fast days in Delhi
- Ramā Saturday, 14 October Pāraṇa Sun 15 Oct, 06:23 – 08:40
- Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī) Saturday, 28 October or Sunday, 29 October Pāraṇa Sun 29 Oct, 13:11 – 15:24 (Smārta), Mon 30 Oct, 06:32 – 08:45 (Vaiṣṇava)
Fast days in Mumbai
- Ramā Saturday, 14 October Pāraṇa Sun 15 Oct, 06:33 – 08:53
- Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī) Saturday, 28 October or Sunday, 29 October Pāraṇa Sun 29 Oct, 13:30 – 15:48 (Smārta), Mon 30 Oct, 06:39 – 08:51 (Vaiṣṇava)
Fast days in Kolkata
- Ramā Saturday, 14 October Pāraṇa Sun 15 Oct, 05:34 – 07:53
- Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī) Sunday, 29 October Pāraṇa Mon 30 Oct, 05:41 – 07:56
Fast days in Chennai
- Ramā Saturday, 14 October Pāraṇa Sun 15 Oct, 06:00 – 08:21
- Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī) Sunday, 29 October Pāraṇa Mon 30 Oct, 06:03 – 08:22
Fast days in Bengaluru
- Ramā Saturday, 14 October Pāraṇa Sun 15 Oct, 06:10 – 08:32
- Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī) Sunday, 29 October Pāraṇa Mon 30 Oct, 06:13 – 08:33
Fast days in Hyderabad
- Ramā Saturday, 14 October Pāraṇa Sun 15 Oct, 06:10 – 08:30
- Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī) Sunday, 29 October Pāraṇa Mon 30 Oct, 06:14 – 08:32
Fast days in Ahmedabad
- Ramā Saturday, 14 October Pāraṇa Sun 15 Oct, 06:37 – 08:56
- Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī) Saturday, 28 October or Sunday, 29 October Pāraṇa Sun 29 Oct, 13:31 – 15:46 (Smārta), Mon 30 Oct, 06:44 – 08:51 (Vaiṣṇava)
Fast days in Pune
- Ramā Saturday, 14 October Pāraṇa Sun 15 Oct, 06:29 – 08:49
- Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī) Saturday, 28 October or Sunday, 29 October Pāraṇa Sun 29 Oct, 13:26 – 15:44 (Smārta), Mon 30 Oct, 06:34 – 08:51 (Vaiṣṇava)
Fast days in Jaipur
- Ramā Saturday, 14 October Pāraṇa Sun 15 Oct, 06:27 – 08:45
- Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī) Saturday, 28 October or Sunday, 29 October Pāraṇa Sun 29 Oct, 13:17 – 15:31 (Smārta), Mon 30 Oct, 06:36 – 08:50 (Vaiṣṇava)
Fast days in Lucknow
- Ramā Saturday, 14 October Pāraṇa Sun 15 Oct, 06:06 – 08:24
- Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī) Sunday, 29 October Pāraṇa Mon 30 Oct, 06:15 – 08:29
Fast days in London
- Ramā Saturday, 14 October Pāraṇa Sun 15 Oct, 07:26 – 09:34
- Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī) Saturday, 28 October Pāraṇa Sun 29 Oct, 07:28 – 08:48
Fast days in New York City
- Ramā Saturday, 14 October Pāraṇa Sun 15 Oct, 07:09 – 09:21
- Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī) Saturday, 28 October Pāraṇa Sun 29 Oct, 07:24 – 09:30
Fast days in Toronto
- Ramā Saturday, 14 October Pāraṇa Sun 15 Oct, 07:33 – 09:45
- Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī) Saturday, 28 October Pāraṇa Sun 29 Oct, 07:51 – 09:55
Fast days in Sydney
- Ramā Saturday, 14 October or Sunday, 15 October Pāraṇa Sun 15 Oct, 13:58 – 16:33 (Smārta), Mon 16 Oct, 06:13 – 08:48 (Vaiṣṇava)
- Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī) Sunday, 29 October Pāraṇa Mon 30 Oct, 05:57 – 08:38
Fast days in Dubai
- Ramā Saturday, 14 October Pāraṇa Sun 15 Oct, 06:18 – 08:36
- Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī) Saturday, 28 October or Sunday, 29 October Pāraṇa Sun 29 Oct, 13:09 – 15:24 (Smārta), Mon 30 Oct, 06:26 – 07:21 (Vaiṣṇava)
Fast days in Singapore
- Ramā Saturday, 14 October Pāraṇa Sun 15 Oct, 06:48 – 09:13
- Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī) Sunday, 29 October Pāraṇa Mon 30 Oct, 06:47 – 09:11
Ramā, Saturday, 14 October
Ashwin (amanta) / Kartika (purnimanta), KrishnaEkadashi from Sat 14 Oct, 01:13 to 22:29, Delhi time. Both traditions keep Saturday, 14 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī at sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 58. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): No Daśamī in the 96 minutes before sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 131
Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī), Saturday, 28 October or Sunday, 29 October
Kartika, ShuklaEkadashi from Sat 28 Oct, 03:47 to Sun 29 Oct, 06:21, Delhi time. Smārtas and Vaiṣṇavas keep different days.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 137; Devotthāna: Nirnaya-sindhu, 1898, p. 51 (Hindi commentary)
Ramā, Saturday, 14 October
Ashwin (amanta) / Kartika (purnimanta), KrishnaEkadashi from Sat 14 Oct, 01:13 to 22:29, Mumbai time. Both traditions keep Saturday, 14 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī at sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 58. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): No Daśamī in the 96 minutes before sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 131
Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī), Saturday, 28 October or Sunday, 29 October
Kartika, ShuklaEkadashi from Sat 28 Oct, 03:47 to Sun 29 Oct, 06:21, Mumbai time. Smārtas and Vaiṣṇavas keep different days.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 137; Devotthāna: Nirnaya-sindhu, 1898, p. 51 (Hindi commentary)
Ramā, Saturday, 14 October
Ashwin (amanta) / Kartika (purnimanta), KrishnaEkadashi from Sat 14 Oct, 01:13 to 22:29, Kolkata time. Both traditions keep Saturday, 14 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī at sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 58. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): No Daśamī in the 96 minutes before sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 131
Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī), Sunday, 29 October
Kartika, ShuklaEkadashi from Sat 28 Oct, 03:47 to Sun 29 Oct, 06:21, Kolkata time. Both traditions keep Sunday, 29 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī and Dvādaśī both run long: everyone keeps the second day (Nārada, Mādhava) Nirnaya-sindhu pp. 59-60. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): Ekādaśī or Dvādaśī runs long: the later day (Mādhava) Nirnaya-sindhu p. 59.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 137; Devotthāna: Nirnaya-sindhu, 1898, p. 51 (Hindi commentary)
Ramā, Saturday, 14 October
Ashwin (amanta) / Kartika (purnimanta), KrishnaEkadashi from Sat 14 Oct, 01:13 to 22:29, Chennai time. Both traditions keep Saturday, 14 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī at sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 58. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): No Daśamī in the 96 minutes before sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 131
Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī), Sunday, 29 October
Kartika, ShuklaEkadashi from Sat 28 Oct, 03:47 to Sun 29 Oct, 06:21, Chennai time. Both traditions keep Sunday, 29 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī and Dvādaśī both run long: everyone keeps the second day (Nārada, Mādhava) Nirnaya-sindhu pp. 59-60. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): Ekādaśī or Dvādaśī runs long: the later day (Mādhava) Nirnaya-sindhu p. 59.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 137; Devotthāna: Nirnaya-sindhu, 1898, p. 51 (Hindi commentary)
Ramā, Saturday, 14 October
Ashwin (amanta) / Kartika (purnimanta), KrishnaEkadashi from Sat 14 Oct, 01:13 to 22:29, Bengaluru time. Both traditions keep Saturday, 14 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī at sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 58. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): No Daśamī in the 96 minutes before sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 131
Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī), Sunday, 29 October
Kartika, ShuklaEkadashi from Sat 28 Oct, 03:47 to Sun 29 Oct, 06:21, Bengaluru time. Both traditions keep Sunday, 29 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī and Dvādaśī both run long: everyone keeps the second day (Nārada, Mādhava) Nirnaya-sindhu pp. 59-60. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): Ekādaśī or Dvādaśī runs long: the later day (Mādhava) Nirnaya-sindhu p. 59.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 137; Devotthāna: Nirnaya-sindhu, 1898, p. 51 (Hindi commentary)
Ramā, Saturday, 14 October
Ashwin (amanta) / Kartika (purnimanta), KrishnaEkadashi from Sat 14 Oct, 01:13 to 22:29, Hyderabad time. Both traditions keep Saturday, 14 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī at sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 58. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): No Daśamī in the 96 minutes before sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 131
Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī), Sunday, 29 October
Kartika, ShuklaEkadashi from Sat 28 Oct, 03:47 to Sun 29 Oct, 06:21, Hyderabad time. Both traditions keep Sunday, 29 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī and Dvādaśī both run long: everyone keeps the second day (Nārada, Mādhava) Nirnaya-sindhu pp. 59-60. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): Ekādaśī or Dvādaśī runs long: the later day (Mādhava) Nirnaya-sindhu p. 59.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 137; Devotthāna: Nirnaya-sindhu, 1898, p. 51 (Hindi commentary)
Ramā, Saturday, 14 October
Ashwin (amanta) / Kartika (purnimanta), KrishnaEkadashi from Sat 14 Oct, 01:13 to 22:29, Ahmedabad time. Both traditions keep Saturday, 14 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī at sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 58. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): No Daśamī in the 96 minutes before sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 131
Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī), Saturday, 28 October or Sunday, 29 October
Kartika, ShuklaEkadashi from Sat 28 Oct, 03:47 to Sun 29 Oct, 06:21, Ahmedabad time. Smārtas and Vaiṣṇavas keep different days.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 137; Devotthāna: Nirnaya-sindhu, 1898, p. 51 (Hindi commentary)
Ramā, Saturday, 14 October
Ashwin (amanta) / Kartika (purnimanta), KrishnaEkadashi from Sat 14 Oct, 01:13 to 22:29, Pune time. Both traditions keep Saturday, 14 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī at sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 58. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): No Daśamī in the 96 minutes before sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 131
Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī), Saturday, 28 October or Sunday, 29 October
Kartika, ShuklaEkadashi from Sat 28 Oct, 03:47 to Sun 29 Oct, 06:21, Pune time. Smārtas and Vaiṣṇavas keep different days.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 137; Devotthāna: Nirnaya-sindhu, 1898, p. 51 (Hindi commentary)
Ramā, Saturday, 14 October
Ashwin (amanta) / Kartika (purnimanta), KrishnaEkadashi from Sat 14 Oct, 01:13 to 22:29, Jaipur time. Both traditions keep Saturday, 14 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī at sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 58. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): No Daśamī in the 96 minutes before sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 131
Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī), Saturday, 28 October or Sunday, 29 October
Kartika, ShuklaEkadashi from Sat 28 Oct, 03:47 to Sun 29 Oct, 06:21, Jaipur time. Smārtas and Vaiṣṇavas keep different days.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 137; Devotthāna: Nirnaya-sindhu, 1898, p. 51 (Hindi commentary)
Ramā, Saturday, 14 October
Ashwin (amanta) / Kartika (purnimanta), KrishnaEkadashi from Sat 14 Oct, 01:13 to 22:29, Lucknow time. Both traditions keep Saturday, 14 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī at sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 58. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): No Daśamī in the 96 minutes before sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 131
Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī), Sunday, 29 October
Kartika, ShuklaEkadashi from Sat 28 Oct, 03:47 to Sun 29 Oct, 06:21, Lucknow time. Both traditions keep Sunday, 29 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī and Dvādaśī both run long: everyone keeps the second day (Nārada, Mādhava) Nirnaya-sindhu pp. 59-60. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): Ekādaśī or Dvādaśī runs long: the later day (Mādhava) Nirnaya-sindhu p. 59.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 137; Devotthāna: Nirnaya-sindhu, 1898, p. 51 (Hindi commentary)
Ramā, Saturday, 14 October
Ashwin (amanta) / Kartika (purnimanta), KrishnaEkadashi from Fri 13 Oct, 20:43 to Sat 14 Oct, 17:59, London time. Both traditions keep Saturday, 14 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī at sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 58. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): No Daśamī in the 96 minutes before sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 131
Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī), Saturday, 28 October
Kartika, ShuklaEkadashi from Fri 27 Oct, 23:17 to Sun 29 Oct, 01:51, London time. Both traditions keep Saturday, 28 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī at sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 58. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): No Daśamī in the 96 minutes before sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 137; Devotthāna: Nirnaya-sindhu, 1898, p. 51 (Hindi commentary)
Ramā, Saturday, 14 October
Ashwin (amanta) / Kartika (purnimanta), KrishnaEkadashi from Fri 13 Oct, 15:43 to Sat 14 Oct, 12:59, New York City time. Both traditions keep Saturday, 14 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī at sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 58. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): No Daśamī in the 96 minutes before sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 131
Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī), Saturday, 28 October
Kartika, ShuklaEkadashi from Fri 27 Oct, 18:17 to Sat 28 Oct, 20:51, New York City time. Both traditions keep Saturday, 28 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī at sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 58. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): No Daśamī in the 96 minutes before sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 137; Devotthāna: Nirnaya-sindhu, 1898, p. 51 (Hindi commentary)
Ramā, Saturday, 14 October
Ashwin (amanta) / Kartika (purnimanta), KrishnaEkadashi from Fri 13 Oct, 15:43 to Sat 14 Oct, 12:59, Toronto time. Both traditions keep Saturday, 14 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī at sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 58. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): No Daśamī in the 96 minutes before sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 131
Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī), Saturday, 28 October
Kartika, ShuklaEkadashi from Fri 27 Oct, 18:17 to Sat 28 Oct, 20:51, Toronto time. Both traditions keep Saturday, 28 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī at sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 58. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): No Daśamī in the 96 minutes before sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 137; Devotthāna: Nirnaya-sindhu, 1898, p. 51 (Hindi commentary)
Ramā, Saturday, 14 October or Sunday, 15 October
Ashwin (amanta) / Kartika (purnimanta), KrishnaEkadashi from Sat 14 Oct, 06:43 to Sun 15 Oct, 03:59, Sydney time. Smārtas and Vaiṣṇavas keep different days.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 131
Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī), Sunday, 29 October
Kartika, ShuklaEkadashi from Sat 28 Oct, 09:17 to Sun 29 Oct, 11:51, Sydney time. Both traditions keep Sunday, 29 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī at sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 58. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): No Daśamī in the 96 minutes before sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 137; Devotthāna: Nirnaya-sindhu, 1898, p. 51 (Hindi commentary)
Ramā, Saturday, 14 October
Ashwin (amanta) / Kartika (purnimanta), KrishnaEkadashi from Fri 13 Oct, 23:43 to Sat 14 Oct, 20:59, Dubai time. Both traditions keep Saturday, 14 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī at sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 58. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): No Daśamī in the 96 minutes before sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 131
Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī), Saturday, 28 October or Sunday, 29 October
Kartika, ShuklaEkadashi from Sat 28 Oct, 02:17 to Sun 29 Oct, 04:51, Dubai time. Smārtas and Vaiṣṇavas keep different days.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 137; Devotthāna: Nirnaya-sindhu, 1898, p. 51 (Hindi commentary)
Ramā, Saturday, 14 October
Ashwin (amanta) / Kartika (purnimanta), KrishnaEkadashi from Sat 14 Oct, 03:43 to Sun 15 Oct, 00:59, Singapore time. Both traditions keep Saturday, 14 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī at sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 58. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): No Daśamī in the 96 minutes before sunrise: that day Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 131
Prabodhinī (Devotthāna, popularly Dev Uthānī), Sunday, 29 October
Kartika, ShuklaEkadashi from Sat 28 Oct, 06:17 to Sun 29 Oct, 08:51, Singapore time. Both traditions keep Sunday, 29 October.
Smārta: Ekādaśī and Dvādaśī both run long: everyone keeps the second day (Nārada, Mādhava) Nirnaya-sindhu pp. 59-60. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): Daśamī within the 96 minutes before sunrise (aruṇodaya): the next day (Garuḍa) Nirnaya-sindhu p. 53.
Name: Ekādaśī-māhātmya (1934), f. 137; Devotthāna: Nirnaya-sindhu, 1898, p. 51 (Hindi commentary)
Questions
Rules from the Nirṇaya-sindhu, with the page for each.
When is Ekadashi in October 2028?
In Delhi: Ramā on Saturday, 14 October; Prabodhinī on Saturday, 28 October for Smārtas or Sunday, 29 October for Vaiṣṇavas.
What is Ekadashi?
Ekadashi is the eleventh tithi of each half of the lunar month, one in the bright half (Shukla) and one in the dark half (Krishna), so there are usually two a month. A tithi is the time the Moon takes to gain 12° on the Sun. Surya Siddhanta 2.64, 2.66
When do I break the Ekadashi fast (pāraṇa)?
On the next day, while Dvādaśī lasts, since letting Dvādaśī pass unbroken is a grave fault: in the first three muhūrtas after sunrise, but not in Hari-vāsara, the first quarter of Dvādaśī. When Hari-vāsara outlasts those three muhūrtas, in the afternoon, never at midday. If no Dvādaśī is left at sunrise, on Trayodaśī. In a difficulty, water counts as breaking the fast. Dharmasindhu p. 19; Nirṇaya-sindhu pp. 70–71
Why are there two dates for some Ekadashis?
The texts test the Ekadashi day for Dashami, the tithi before it. Smārtas test at sunrise; Vaiṣṇavas test the 96 minutes before sunrise, called aruṇodaya. When Ekadashi or Dvadashi runs long, or Ekadashi touches no sunrise, each tradition keeps its own day. Nirṇaya-sindhu pp. 53–63
Why is the date different in my city?
Each date is worked out for the city’s own sunrise. A tithi begins and ends at the same moment everywhere, but the sunrise it is tested against differs, so a city far to the east or west can keep another day.
Why does my temple calendar show another date?
Gauḍīya Vaiṣṇava calendars follow the Hari-bhakti-vilāsa, which is not among our sources, so their dates can differ from the Nirṇaya-sindhu days shown here.
How the days are found
Read the methodology- Sunrise
- At the centre of the Sun’s disc, with refraction, for the chosen city. Every date is that city’s own.
- The Dashami tests
- Smārta: Dashami at sunrise. Vaiṣṇava (Nirṇaya-sindhu): Dashami at any moment in the 96 minutes before sunrise.
- Running long
- A tithi runs long when it is still current at the sunrise after its own day: Ekādaśī at the second day's sunrise, Dvādaśī at the third's, counting from the first Ekādaśī day (our reading of Nirnaya-sindhu pp. 59-62).
- Pāraṇa
- The first three muhūrtas after sunrise, once Hari-vāsara (Dvādaśī’s first quarter) is over and before Dvādaśī ends; else the afternoon, never midday; on Trayodaśī if no Dvādaśī is left. Dharmasindhu p. 19; Nirṇaya-sindhu pp. 70–71.
- Sources
- Kamalākara Bhaṭṭa, Nirṇaya-sindhu, 1898 printing, pp. 49–63 and 70–71; Dharmasindhu, 1888, p. 19. Names from the Ekādaśī-māhātmya, Banaras, 1934.
Sunrise at the centre of the Sun’s disc, with refraction · Lahiri ayanamsa for month names · each city’s own time · Swiss Ephemeris · Method